Database management is a system for managing data that supports the company’s business operations. It includes data storage and distribution to application programs and users making changes as needed, monitoring changes in the data and preventing the data from becoming damaged due to unexpected failure. It is one component of a company’s informational infrastructure which aids in decision making and corporate growth, as well as compliance with laws like the GDPR and the California Consumer Privacy Act.
The first database systems were developed in the 1960s by Charles Bachman, IBM and others. They evolved into information management systems (IMS) that made it possible to store and retrieve massive amounts of information for a range of purposes, ranging from calculating inventory to supporting complex human resources and financial accounting functions.
A database is tables that store data according to some pattern, for example, one-to-many relationships. It uses the primary key to identify records and permits cross-references between tables. Each table has a set of fields, known as attributes, that provide information about the data entities. The most widely used kind of database is a relational model, developed by E. F. “Ted” Codd at IBM in the 1970s. The concept is based on normalizing data to make it more user-friendly. It is also simpler to update data since it does not require changing many sections of the databases.
Most DBMSs support multiple database types by providing different levels of external and internal organization. The internal level deals with cost, scalability, and other operational issues, like bean.co.th the physical layout of the database. The external level is the way the database is presented in user interfaces and other applications. It could comprise a combination of different external views (based on the various data models) and may also include virtual tables which are generated from generic data in order to improve performance.